The Players: A full list of all 18 parties campaigning for parliament in Slovakia

Today’s Pravda has a useful listing of the 18 political parties that will be contesting the 2010 parliamentary election.  The list is incomplete and bit hard to use, though, so I reformat it here.  See Pravda’s story for a bit more information including a summary (in Slovak) of parties’ origins.  As one thing leads to another, so this chart has led to a more detailed analysis of the more recent comings and goings among Slovakia’s parties which will appear here as soon as I have finished a separate project.

Party Name Acronym Leader Web
New Parties
AZEN – Aliancia za Európu národov AZEN Milan Urbáni http://www.azen-eu.sk/
Európska demokratická strana EDD Antonio Parziale http://www.eds-sk.sk/
Ľudová strana Naše Slovensko LS-NS Marián Kotleba http://naseslovensko.org/
Most-Híd Most-Hid Béla Bugár http://www.most-hid.sk/
Nová demokracia ND Tibor Mikuš http://www.novademokracia.sk
Paliho Kapurková, veselá politická strana PK Pali Vass http://www.palihokapurkova.sk/
Sloboda a Solidarita SaS Richard Sulík http://www.strana-sas.sk/
Strana rómskej koalície SRK Gejza Adam
Established Parties
Smer-sociálna demokracia Smer-SD Robert Fico http://www.strana-smer.sk
Slovenská demokratická a kresťanská únia-Demokratická strana SDKU Mikuláš Dzurinda http://www.sdku-ds.sk/
Slovenská národná strana SNS Ján Slota http://www.sns.sk/
Strana maďarskej koalície – Magyar Koalíció Pártja MKP-SMK Pál Csáky http://www.smk.sk/
Ľudová strana-Hnutie za demokratické Slovensko LS-HZDS Vladimír Mečiar http://www.hzds.sk/
Kresťanskodemokratické hnutie KDH Ján Figeľ http://www.kdh.sk
Komunistická strana Slovenska (KSS) KSS Jozef Hrdlička http://www.kss.sk
Únia – Strana pre Slovensko Unia Branislav Záhradník
Združenie robotníkov Slovenska ZRS Ján Ľupták http://zrs-ur.sk/
Strana demokratickej ľavice SDL Marek Blaha http://www.mojasdl.sk/
Dead (or Hibernating) Parties
Aliancia nového občana ANO
Hnutie za demokraciu HZD
Nadej NADEJ
Lavicový blok LB
Občianska konzervatívna strana OKS
Slovenská národná koalícia – Slovenská vzájomnosť SLNKO
Slovenská ľudová strana SLS
Agrárna strana vidieka ASV
Prosperita Slovenska PS
Misia 21 – Nová kresťanská demokracia MISIA 21
Strana občianskej solidarity SOS

News and New Resources on Public Opinion in Slovakia

Update:
Because of formatting problems with certain versions of Internet Explorer , this page is now available as a .pdf file: 2009_12_30 Pozorblog Public Opinion.

I should begin with apologies for such a long hiatus and also with hearty congratuations to Monika Tódová of SME for writing one of the best articles on the process of public opinion polling in Slovakia: Prieskumy môžu politikov miast. It’s not very long but it finally addresses the problem of dueling headlines–“SaS/Most-Hid poised for success” v. “SaS/Most-Hid has no chance” (often in the same newspaper in the same week) and asks “How is it possible?” The answer lies in the ways that various pollsters survey the public, and it turns out (perhaps I should have known this) that FOCUS and MVK (and previously UVVM) offer a list of parties to choose from whereas Median gives no list. The latter method, of course, will tend to benefit those parties that are best known, while the former can give a boost to parties that are little known (and the process by which firms choose to add parties to their formal lists is fraught with difficulty.

The question now, is whether Todova’s article means a change in approach. Her article is the first instance I can remember outside of election campaigns when an article juxtaposes results from multiple pollsters. I can only hope that this will be the beginning of a trend even if (especially because) it might put this blog out of business. But I’m fairly secure that the time and space constraints of Slovakia’s papers will not let that happen and so there will be room for a blog obsessed with the minutiae of public opinion in Slovakia.

But just so that this blog does not immediately become obsolete, I want to share a new method I’m working on for displaying public opinion results. This is not quite ready for prime time, but using the Timeplot application developed as part of the astounding SIMILE project at MIT, it is possible to create dynamic charts that are fully modifiable and easily updated on the basis of simple text files. Of course that meant that I had to clean up my database, but now that that’s done, I should be able to present updated public opinion results with a minimum of effort (that’s the theory) and can even, theoretically, create a dashboard page on the blog itself for those who want to look at the numbers rather than read my analysis.

Below are examples of what is possible. I’m preparing a year end summary, so you’ll see these graphs again soon with some analysis attached.

eCitizenship and libraries: A few of my favorite things

ecitizenship_color_small

One of the sessions at the recent eCitizenship conference brought together librarians with students and faculty interested in civic engagement.  The results demonstrate what learned several years ago: that librarians get web2.0 technology better than anybody else I know and are keen to make effective use of the technology to bring people together.  Thanks to Wayne State’s Next Generation Librarian, Mike Sensiba put the technology into action to record and post audio of the session.  The file is big but it streams nicely:

While I’m at it, thanks to the Director of Libraries at Macmaster University, Jeff Trzeciak for clueing me in to the technology in the first place, to the Louisville Free Public Library and MIT Design Laboratory for putting the future of libraries into ten memorable points, to the Director of the Ferndale Public Library, Doug Raber for indulging me in continued conversation on the topic and making it happen in my own community, and most recently to Darlene Hellenberg and Kelly Bennett of that same library for having had the brilliant idea to move library book discussions to the local bar.  Well done all.

Not anymore
Not anymore

eCitizenship Conference: Streaming Video

ecitizenship_color_smallVideo of the main public events in the conference is now online thanks to fantastic work by the staff of Wayne State’s library and video departments.  You can find all of the links on their page here but for convience I reprint them below as well.

Archived Videos

  1. 11/12 – Welcome and Introductions: The Purpose of the Project: Ideas, Suggestions, Timelines, Expectations (Nancy S. Barrett, Marc W. Kruman, Kevin Deegan-Krause and George L. Mehaffy)
  2. 11/12 – iPolitics: The Rise of Participatory Democracy in Our Facebook, YouTube, Twitter Era (Jose Antonio Vargas)
  3. 11/12 – Engaging Citizen 2.0: From Obama to the “MyFaceTube” Revolution, How Social Media is Reshaping Civic Engagement (David B. Smith)
  4. 11/12 – Promising Practices in Online Engagement (Chris Haller)
  5. 11/12 – Brave New World of Journalism: A Citizen Media Symposium (Jose Antonis Vargas)

eCitizenship Conference: Liveblogging Wrap-Up Session

ecitizenship_color_small

Student Forum:

Students suggest creating a student alliance, within universities and among universities at this conference and will start twittering each other to track each others’ progress

Students suggest educating teachers, getting them engaged in the community.  They need to understand the technology so that they can use it.  Get things started within community, encouraging professors and students to use technologies together.

“College is supposed to prepare us for the world.  Technology is such a big part of the world that our professors need to understand the technology.”

Social media, however, is the focus, not the main goal of the project.  The goal is to use social media to amplify civic engagement.  Link social networking to the overall problem.   Text messaging.  Here’s something that I can do right now to help, especially if it’s using technology.

How do you engage students, how do you engage the community.

What are key incentives:

  • These will help you prepare yourself for the workplace
  • These will give you a place to do things that they are passionate about, making the world a better place from their own perspective.

What should faculty do:

  • Workshops where students become the professors, teach faculty how to use this.

What tools should faculty use:

  • Faculty don’t even use blackboard, other things.  Inconvenience to students.  Students want to be able to find assignments, grades.  Distance delivered courses mean that they need other means of connecting.
  • Students were hesitant to engage faculty.  Students need to bring issues to faculty who really care so that they can bring it to the administration: “a student project backed by this university” or tell other faculty members, or tacit support through student organizations, lends an air of professionalism
  • Participants are concerned about where to start.  At Rhode Island they thought about starting an alliance among student groups (Amnesty, Habitat) to get the news out.

Campus Ideas:

  • Wayne State proposes a research project to study our own program of civic engagement to perform a network analysis to develop tools for cheaper and more extensive
  • Borrow the IUPUI idea of a democracy plaza—faculty write provocative questions and students respond—and go electronic.
  • Take video screens in studio center.  Post ideas, have them text responses onto the board.
  • Western Kentucky, website with interactive map that lets residents know about navigable waterways, tells about facilities, etc.
  • Spanish language students translated library materials into Spanish.
  • Use eCitizenship tools with regard to the census
  • Connect graduates to local communities.
  • University of Michigan-Flint, adding technology-based education to existing civic skills conference and export idea of civic skills conference.  Rather than start eCitizenship conference, how do we use the tools to do what we’re already doing.
  • Wave of the future is learning how to work together.  Civic skills are career skills and civic technology skills are some of the most important skills you could get.

Plans for follow-up:

ADP Conference will reconvene this group on Thurs. June 17 and have panels to discuss this throughout the conference.

Faculty students and everybody should feel free to get directly involved creating systems, setting up systems, working with systems to make this work.

eCitizenship Conference: Liveblogging Chris Haller

Update:

You can find a video of the presentation itself online here.

Chris Haller

http://www.publicagenda.org/staff/chris-haller

Public Agenda

Promising Practices in Online Engagement

Allowing experts and citizens to collaborate.  Often dealt with under the heading of citizen journalism.  A formerly closed profession is now more often.  Citizens capture news as it happens, work with journalists to capture information.

Websites that generate bi-partisan buy-in.  In a polarized environment, how do we get people to talk together.  Techpresident is one example.  How do we get a new mechanism to observe elections, report on experiences, multichannel approach.

Connecting neighbors.  Communication mechanism on the smallest scale.  eDemocracy.org use internet to connect neighborhoods.  Front Porch Forum in Vermont.  Neighborhoods where more than half the people are signed up.  Run on the most simple listservs you can imagine. Sometimes old tools are best.

Merge online and face-to-face engagement.  In the end we realize that both face-to-face and online have advantages and disadvantages.  All are part of a toolbox.

Often key is not technology but process.

Example: NAPA Health IT Online Dialogue (http://www.scribd.com/doc/12345523/A-National-Dialogue-on-Health-IT-and-Privacy-Final-Panel-Report)

Online brainstorming process.  Defines content type.  Concerns, stories, etc,

Key considerations:

Duration:

  • Find a timespan that is long enough to allow participation Don’t want things to go on more than 2 weeks because it reaches a fatigue point. Will spike at the beginning, when there are reminders, and at the end. Endpoint. Challenging if no endpoint; forum that is open-ended, people lose interested.  No point in participating.  Lots of forums are open but die or become inactive.  Lack of activity contributes to lack of activity.  If no activity in a few days, people leave.  Pre-registration is useful.  Send email that says, “Now we’re starting.”

Seeding:

  • Seeding.  If you invite people to come, there should be something there.  During pre-registration add box asking for question or statement that can create initial content.  Reach out to colleagues friends to ask them to do this.

Avoiding early submission bias.

  • Those that pop up first tend to stay there.  One way to deal with it is to have various lists or various views of the same list: highest ranked or most recent, etc.  Or work with preregistration question
  • What is being rated.  How are they rating it?  What do ratings mean?

Example: KCEngage (http://kcengage.ning.com/)

Social networking, using ning.com

Out-of-the-box miniature facebook.  Facebook only on a small scale.  Great for building communities of practice.

Community building is hard to do.  Harder than we thought even when people are committed to the topic.

Ning.com lets you build your own website.

Build groups/communities.  Member section, events calendar.

90-9-1 rule.  90% comes once, leaves.  9% come from time to time, are occasionally involved, 1% is the core group that keep it alive.  Simple discussion board, MyBarackObama.com, experienced these phenomena.

Consultants find potential users who are enthusiastic about the online options but do not follow through, do not commit significant time/energy.  Need a core group of users before it will work.  Same thing is true of facebok groups, etc.

Need Community Manager.  Goes beyond claming flame wars or introducing new question but also reaching out to new people, getting them on board, making sure they know what goes where, checking web statistics to figure out where links come from, reaching out to blog communities.

Notifications.  Need to send out notifications to get 9% involved, re-attract some of the 90%.  When listserv is active, it can seem like spam.  If you get 20 or more you’ll begin to ignore.  If you don’t send any reminders, they give up.  Automatically subscribing commenters. Summary email to encourage people, tell them how to get back involved.

Activities.  Certain ways to engage users.  Contest, other mechanisms.  Goes across the board.  Will drop soon.  Facebook group have hard time keeping people involved unless they’re used for planning.

Incentives.  Contests, reasons to participate.  For theirs, with $500 reward, nobody just found it and did it.  All done through classes, students.  Extra credit was biggest incentives in those cases.

Submission Format.  Got 61 submissions for student essays, only 5 for video.  People tended to choose traditional methods.  Video takes more skills.

Other tools:

Questions:

Q: What exactly does bi-partisan buy-in mean?  How do you measure that?

A: Outreach to bring in people from all sides of the aisle, get people to participate in the firstplace.  Measurement is important.  Can do some measurement after dialogues.

Q: Is it best to go to smaller venues to have these discussions, not the 300 million people in Facebook.

A: When you make a group you’re not immediately talking to 300 million people.  Facebook is a great way to start outreach.  Group or fanpage are a way to start.  You can’t go knocking on students’ doors but you need to reach them somehow.  Question becomes how compelling is this, how many students are willing to recommend to others.  Use it as a gateway.

Q: We want to get a widely spread group involved in a conversation.  How do we do that:

A: Use third party platform but use Facebook, Twitter etc. as portal, ways to get people to the platform, to one shared space that has a similar experience for everybody.  If topic is relevant, people will make the switch.

eCitizenship Conference: Liveblogging David Smith

Update:

You can find a video of the presentation itself online here.

David Smith

http://www.ncoc.net/index.php?tray=person&tid=top33&cid=59

National Conference on Citizenship

Engaging  Citizen 2.0

Initial experience came with creation of Mobilize.org

As part of it was creation of tools, the Youth Policy Action Center, started as a way to use the same technology as AARP, NRA and others, to help youth do the same kind of advocacy, from legislatures to city councils.  See: http://youthpolicyactioncenter.org

One of the initial mobilization efforts was SOS: save our social networks, to stop the “Delete Online Predators Act” which would have limited social networks in schools and libraries.  They managed to freeze it by getting young people to contact members of congress.

Causes application on Facebook is another effort, used by 1 of ever 4 people who uses Facebook.

National Conference on Citizenship an old organization founded in 1946, chartered in 1953 in order to capture citizenship energy from WWII. Chartered “to build an active citizenry” especially through annual conference of organizations, look at best practices, develop tools.  Main tool is American civic health index.  Looks at 40 indicators of civic engagement.  Past 30 years suggests that we’re down: connectedness, trust in institutions, trust in one another, knowledge all down.  Recently starting to see upticks.  Biggest change in past had difference from college-educated and non-college educated.  Always looked like stepladder: more education=more engaged.  Netizen (people who engage in connection/citizenship activity online) population different.  Education not as significant a barrier.  Those who can get past initial barrier of digital access have more tools.

Millenials who use social networks online are also likely to engage online.  We don’t know about the causation but correlation is strong.

This year was tough year for civic health—people have pulled back. Economic recession is causing civic depression.  Almost ¾ have pulled back in civic engagement.  Three components serve as civic safetynet: God, friends and Facebook.  Religious institutions have re-emerged as pillars.  Over 40% of religious have increased civic engagement.  People who eat with friends, are connected with other have increased as well.  People who use online social networks are also increasing engagement.  Facebook, like friends and religion is about investing in relationships, spending time over time (sometimes too much time).  Of the 300 million members, 50% login weekly.  Those who use it regularly check it 8x per day.  Facebook and twitter are starting to become integrated into automatic life.

New tag for NCOC has been to “Defining Modern Citizenship”
Learning thorugh experimentation.
63rd Annual conference using social media.  This year 449 attendees
Many online viewers, tweet reach.
300 hours viewed by others. For example:

Micah Sifry on Engaging Citzen 2.0, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0VUd9qEllUw

Joe Trippi  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l4bPF0AM8xQ (“you don’t want to be Goliath anymore.  You want to be giving out slingshots to the armies of Davids”)

Social media landscape:

http://www.fredcavazza.net/2009/04/10/social-media-landscape-redux/

Looks pretty daunting.  Where am I supposed to engage.  Which of these is the place to be effective.  MySpace pioneered this.  Facebook has surpassed it.  YouTube has exploded in terms of video, either found or created.

Uses Facebook, Twitter, Youtube.  Each provides something different but can be used in tandem.

Technology is not a tactic. It’s a set of values:

  • Democracy – opportunity for equal voice, opportunity to engage, from a few experts to many people with a bit of the truth
  • Collaboration
  • Interactive
  • Transparency.  Tech organizations leaning on government to get them to be more open.  You can release it yourself or it will appear on Google.
  • Engagement
  • Listening
  • Authenticity

Important for people to feel “ownership”?

Are we seeing the end of traditional organizations?

  • Hierarchical structure
  • “We are the experts” “We are the information gatekeepers”  When we tell you to call your representatives, you need to do it.  Obama, others are different.
  • Redefining membership.  This used to be a core mechanism.  When Common Cause started it quickly got hundreds of thousands of members.  That’s not the way people join things now.  Now it is “I’ll give you my email address if you give me useful information and something that allows me to engage.”
  • Shift from consumer to producer.  Our communities/economy has done this in reverse.  We’ve moved from producers toward consumers.  Internet, web2.0 has done this in reverse.  You must become a producer to be effective there.  If people say “nothing happens there” it’s because they’re not doing anything.  People will only follow you if you have something worth following.

Census
NCOC—new, increased focus on civic data thanks to Kennedy Serve Act, some of that incorporated into Census and CNCS data gathering.  NCOC helps analyze and report it.

New indicator: how are people using electronic means? How are they being ecitizens.  Data will be so large that they can do state reports, city and local, regional reports.  Seeking local partners to look at this in communities.

Facebook Causes Research
Have great relationship with cause.  80 million users with 35 active users. People using it to start causes, donate causes, to invite friends, share media, create giving circles, service, contact elected officials.
Phase I is looking at dataset, how people do civic acts online
Phase II is longitudinal study, how does this change people over time

Civic Currency
With SplashLife.  Aggregate all validated civic actions.  Go to event, get validation code and gives points that can be redeemed.  Turns it into a gaming platform, creating alternate currency.  Can see realtime where people are engaging and what they are doing.

Question:

Q: What is the balance between consumer to marketer.  We become marketer of our own version.  Video that is unmarketed is less read.  Need sizzle with steak.

A: Tools now let people produce professional videos very quickly and effectively, lowering the gap.

Q: How do you quantify this?  How do you figure out whether it works?

A: Lots of talk out there about Slack-tivism.  These give us the tools to make the change.  We look at 40 different metrics of which only one is giving.  The others are engagement as well.  We’re sharpening our civic tool set.  Causes has that data but they haven’t mined it.  Things like how many people have you brought in? how many have you educated? How much media have you included?  Other metrics on trust and connectedness?  Are we building these?  This is an open question.  These have diminished over the last 30 years.  One way is to look at ourselves compared to the 1960’s.  Another way is to look what we want 2030 to look like.  We’re just starting to get into these indicators.

eCitizenship Conference: Liveblogging Jose Antonio Vargas

Update:

You can find a video of the presentation itself online here.
Find a video of Jose’s other presentation on Citizen Media (not liveblogged) here:

Jose Antonio Vargas

Huffington Post

http://www.joseantoniovargas.com/

“iPolitics”

He began research with Clinton “youtube” video.

“Did you know?” video (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JNy1x5VTX6Q) by Karl Fisch has gone through

Facebook has expanded from its formation in 2004 to have 325 million users by November 2009, growth of about 400,000 per day.

Obama for President had facebook pages before even deciding to run for president.

Attended Iowa caucus.  Thanks to facebook/social networking, “it looked like a parent teacher conference in which the students have taken over.”  Transformative experience of watching a 13-year-old using the Barack Obama app on an iPhone, bringing politics into his pocket—local offices, fundraising totals, everything.

Statistics on Obama’s campaign:

  • Kerry’s campaign had 3 million emails; Obama had 13 million
  • Average donation was $80, 3 million donors made 6.5 million donations.
  • 1 million signed up for Obama’s text messaging (This is key; I don’t just text with anybody.  This is very personal.  One of the ten regular people I’m texting with is Obama.  At Obama rally, campaign asked individuals to send their phone numbers as a way to gather information and many did.)
  • My BarackObama.com had 2 million individual profiles.  Individuals not only paid for the campaign but worked for the campaign.

And it’s just the beginning. Only 23 percent of the globe’s population is actually on the internet, according to the UN

Saw Google’s realtime map of searches: US and industrialized west were bright, India as well; Africa was not?

Does internet access become something akin to a fundamental right?

All Gore was on House Committee “for the future.”  He was right on two things: global warming and technology.

“Internet is perhaps the greatest source for reestablishing an open communications environment in which the conversation of democracy can flourish.”—Gore

Key word is “Conversation”

Which brings us to “Citizenship”

Per: Merriam-Webster
1: the status of being a citizen
2a: membership in a community
2b: the quality of an individual’s response to membership in a community

Tools that we have now mean that it is up to us to figure out what we can do

Students leading the teacher; linear education is disintegrating before our eyes.

Question:

Q: Getting away from the silo mentality and encouraging dialogues among groups.  Don’t these things just encourage dialogue among individuals who agree with one another?

A: Actually this is more open.  Not many subscribe to both; but people reading online may go to read documents from the other side.  They would not do this with print journalism.  All the internet does is reflect and amplify human behavior.  I didn’t know I was “liberal” until I moved to Washington; it was interesting to try and figure out where I fit.  People are starting to have conversations to figure out how to get out of these boxes.  Website “The Next Right” (http://www.thenextright.com/) is the most interesting think tank for where the Republican Party is going.

Q: Is size important?  Will Facebook’s size be its demise?  Will the the LA freeway?

A: Myspace got too big, confusing—LA freeway-like.  Facebook has been successful in adapting, modifying.  Facebook Peace is there to encourage dialogue across, but do not have people engaged.

Q: People get wrapped up in electronic devices.

A: No such thing as online v. offline.  Same as with old and new media.  I am still figuring out what works for me and what does not work for me.  Not until 8 months ago did I figure out that twitter has value for what I do, but now I can use them to curate the information.  Technology is about connection.  Here we see it as communication.  In other countries—Russia, Iran, China—these are tools of rebellion.  What happens when more countries get this.

Q: Impact of For-Profit enterprises on engagement.  Does the internet let us challenge these things or is it potentially just a tool?

A: I think it is inherently democratic because of the low barriers to entry.  You used to be beholden to relying on corporate media, get in touch with you, read the press release, fit 30 minute thought into 30 second sound byte.  That’s not how the economy of the web works.

Q: Facebook, others seem so limited in what people are thinking; saying.  How do we have a meaningful conversation with such small limits:

A: It depends on what you are reading, doing online.  Has been emailing his father directly to show him what is possible.  Loves wikipedia to think about how people change wikipedia pages to think about .  Google Wave and video/text integration.

Q: When we’re talking about the digital divide and eCitizenship, aren’t we skewing our politics toward the middle class?

A: Yes. But I think that’s changing.  Went to a housing project in South Carolina to figure out how she could get online.  Clearly digital divide exists.  What we are seeing is schools, public places, especially libraries, make this a much more accessible thing.  Adoptive mom works at a community college and is fascinated about how individuals gather resources to buy computers.  Twitter is moving in broader direction.  Nonprofit groups are moving in that direction.

African Democracy Project Mozambique

adpm-wordmark-small.jpg In October my university will be sending a number of remarkable students and faculty members to Mozambique to watch elections in one of Africa’s vibrant democracies, and I have the great good fortune (especially great in light the distinct absence of references to Mozambique in my professional work) to help coordinate the trip.

Aside from the excitement of travel and learning something very new, I am also geeked about some new software tools, mashups, fixes and workarounds for active, project-based learning as pioneered by the remarkable Michael Wesch of Kansas State. His digital ethnography course is a model for what upper level undergraduate education can do, and so I can do no better than follow his lead. As a result, our course will be us a netvibes page to link all of the various streams of effort which I hope will include multiple blogs, social bookmarking, video uploads and whatever else we can imagine. Remarkable tools are available and it has taken only one afternoon to get them in shape for our course and cobble them together (all the same tools are probably hidden somewhere in Blackboard along with a corkscrew, a nail file and a jar of mayonaise, but Blackboard is the equivalent of Terry Gilliam’s “27B-6” though “Brazil” is not the former Portugese colony I have in mind).

For those who are interested, the key elements of the project will come together at http://www.netvibes.com/adpm and we will be using the tags “adpm” and “adpm09” to label what we find across the web.